E-health, Telehealth dan Telemedicine: Definisi dan Sejarah


Empat elemen yang menjadi syarat telemedicine: 
  1. Digunakan untuk memberikan dukungan klinis. 
  2. Digunakan untuk mengatasi hambatan geografis, menghubungkan pengguna yang tidak berada dalam kondisi (lokasi, waktu) fisik yang sama. 
  3. Melibatkan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi - TIK. 
  4. Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil kesehatan. 
e –Health Differss “Sebagian besar e-health dimotivasi oleh pendapatan secara finansial, sedangkan telehealth dan telemedicine tidak.” 

Sejarah Telemedicine 
  1. Telegraph digunakan selama Perang Saudara Amerika untuk melaporkan daftar korban. Dilanjutkan dengan telegraf radio ditemukan oleh Marconi (1897).
  2. 1920s Penggunaan radio untuk menghubungkan dokter dan stasiun radio yang terletak di daerah terpencil. 
  3. 1930s AT&T berexperiment menggabungkan tv dan telepon.
  4. 1955 (tele-psychiatry pertama).
  5. Telemedicine yang menghubungkan Nebraska Psychiatric Institute dengan Norfolk State Hospital yang berjarak 112 mil. 
  6. Digunakan untukedukasi melalui video perawatan pasien oleh spesialis, dan digunakan sebagai media konsultasi antara spesialis dan dokter umum.
  7. 1960s NASA, Human monitory vital sign untuk Astronot.
  8. 1980s Pengembangan Program demo Satellite Biomedical (village health and disaster assistance).
  9. Space Bridge.
  10. Menghubungkan 4 Rumah Sakit di Amerika dengan Rumah sakit di Armenia (lokasi bencanagempa).
  11. Video, suara, dan fax data kesehatan

1 komentar:

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